ABSTRACT
Objective To analyze the hospitalization cost and its influencing factors of imported malaria patients in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Yunnan Province, so as to provide insights into the evaluation of the economic burden due to imported malaria, and the guiding of malaria control and the rational allocation of medical resources. Methods The data pertaining to the hospitalization costs of imported malaria patients admitted to Shanglin County People’s Hospital in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region during the period from January 1 through December 31, 2019, and Tengchong Municipal People’s Hospital in Yunnan Province from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2019, were collected, and the epidemiological data of these imported malaria patients were extracted from the Information Management System for Parasitic Diseases Control and Prevention, China. The composition of the hospitalization expenses was analyzed using a descriptive method. In addition, the factors affecting the hospitalization expenses of imported malaria patients were identified using a univariate analysis and a recursive system model. Results A total of 206 imported malaria patients were included in this study, including 194 men (94.17%) and 12 women (5.83%). The mean length of hospital stay was 5.00 days per patient and the median hospitalization expenses were 2 813.07 Yuan per time, in which the expenses for laboratory examinations were the highest (45.31%, 1 274.62/2 813.07). Univariate analysis showed that hospital (z = 5.43, P < 0.01), type of malaria (χ2 = 34.86, P < 0.01) and type of payment (χ2 = 7.72, P < 0.05) were factors affecting the hospitalization expenses of imported malaria patients. Recursion system modeling revealed that the total effects on hospitalization expenses of imported malaria patients included length of hospital stay (0.78), selection of hospital (0.34), basic medical insurance for urban and rural residents (0.19), new rural cooperative medical care (0.17), Plasmodium falciparum malaria (0.15), gender (0.11) and P. vivax malaria (0.09). Conclusions The hospitalization expenses of imported malaria patients are affected by multiple factors in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Yunnan Province, in which the length of hospital stay is the most predominant influencing factor. A reduction in the length of hospital stay is effective to decrease the hospitalization expenses of imported malaria patients.
ABSTRACT
Objective To establish an HPLC method for the content determination of morroniside, sweroside, paeoniflorin and loganin of Liuwei Dihuang Decoction and its Cornus Officinalis-Cortex Moutan couple; To discuss the relationship between the whole prescription and the couple of main pharmacodynamic components. Methods The HPLC method was used at Hypersile C18 column (4.6 mm × 250 mm, 5 μm); the mobile phase consisted of methanol-water (24:76); the detective wavelength was 236 nm; the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min; the column temperature was 30 ℃. Results The linear ranges of morroniside, sweroside, paeoniflorin and loganin were among 0.480–7.680 μg (r=0.999 3), 0.103–1.650 μg (r=0.999 5), 0.120–1.920 μg (r=0.999 1) and 0.227–3.630 μg (r=0.999 7), respectively. The average recovery rates and RSD were 102.79%, 102.29%, 100.99%, 102.48%, and 1.73%, 1.48%, 1.32%, 0.75%, respectively. The contents of morroniside, sweroside and paeoniflorin in Liuwei Dihuang Decoction were slightly higher than that in Cornus Officinalis - Cortex Moutan couple, and the contents of loganin were almost the same. Conclusion The method is simple, stable, accurate and reproducible. It can be used for content determinate of glycosides in Liuwei Dihuang Decoction and Cornus Officinalis-Cortex Moutan couple. Cornus Officinalis-Cortex Moutan couple has the glycosides with tonifying kidney effect of Liuwei Dihuang Decoction.